Myelitis is a medical term used for a neurologic syndrome caused due to inflammation of spinal cord.

Quick Facts

  • Also known as Transverse Myelitis
  • A neurological disorder caused by inflammation across both sides of one level, or segment, of the spinal cord
  • Myelitis refers to inflammation of the spinal cord
  • Transverse refers to position of the inflammation
  • Both combined makes it Transverse Myelitis
  • Occurs across the width of Spinal Cord
  • Various attacks of inflammation can cause impairment or destruction of myelin, the fatty insulating substance that covers nerve cell fibers
  • Causes nervous system scars
  • Interrupts communications between the nerves in the spinal cord and the rest of the body
  • Occurs usually in adults and children including both genders and all races
  • The damaged segment of the spinal cord controls which body parts are affected
  • Damage to nerves in the cervical (neck) region affects signals to the neck, arms, hands, and muscles of breathing (the diaphragm)
  • Damage to nerves in the thoracic (upper back) region relay affects the torso and some parts of the arms
  • Damage to nerves at the lumbar (mid-back) level affects signals to the hips and legs
  • Damage to sacral nerves, positioned within the lowest segment of the spinal cord controls functionality of the groin, toes, and some parts of the legs
  • Normally treated by anti-inflammatory drugs, medications to wipe out symptoms and rehabilitative therapy
Myelitis Causes

  • Immune system malfunctioning
  • Viral infections of the respiratory tract or the gastrointestinal tract
  • Mycoplasma pneumonia
  • Multiple sclerosis, an autoimmune disorder in which the immune system destroys myelin surrounding nerves in your spinal cord and brain
  • Neuromyelitis optica (Devic's disease)
  • Damage to myelin of the optic nerve
  • Autoimmune disorders
  • Lupus affecting multiple body systems
  • Sjogren's syndrome causing severe dryness of the mouth and eyes
  • Coexisting neuromyelitis optica
  • Vaccinations for infectious diseases such as hepatitis B, measles-mumps-rubella, and diphtheria-tetanus
  • Various infections however not directly affecting the spine
  • Severe injury caused by physical trauma
Myelitis Symptoms

  • localized lower back pain
  • Sudden paresthesias which cause abnormal sensations such as burning, tickling, pricking, or tingling in the legs
  • Sensory loss
  • Partial paralysis of the legs
  • Paralysis of the legs and lower part of the trunk
  • Urinary bladder and bowel dysfunction
  • Muscle spasms
  • General discomfort
  • Headache
  • Fever
  • Loss of appetite
  • Respiratory problems
  • Leg and arms weakness
  • Severe muscle pain
  • Weakness of varying degrees in their legs and arms
  • Stumbling
  • One foot dragging
  • Coordination of hand and arm movements
  • In rare cases full paralysis of the legs
  • Numbness
  • Coldness
  • Extreme sensitivity to changes in temperature or to extreme heat or cold
  • Bladder and bowel problems may involve increased frequency of the urge to urinate or have bowel movements
  • Incontinence
  • Difficulty voiding
  • Feelings of incomplete evacuation
  • Constipation